By 281, all the original three dynasties - Wei(221-264), Wu(222-280)
and Shu Han(223-263) - were gone. In 263 Wei conquered Shu Han, but in
264 the Wei dynasty itself was overthrown in a place coup and replaced
by the Western Jin(265-316) which conquered Wu in 280 and briefly united
China.
In 291 a new civil war began - The War of the Eight Princes - which
lasted until 306 and weakened the Western Jin, which experienced then
attacks by partly sinicized semi-nomadic tribes which captured and
killed two teenage emperors in 311 and 316.
Jin dynasty withdrew to the south, becoming the Eastern Jin(317-419)
and the north of China was fragmented to numerous competing dynasties
for over a hundred years until the Tuoba-led Northern Wei(386-534) united northern
China by the 440s.
The unification of northern and southern China would come only with
the brief Sui dynasty(581-618) from the north, which conquered the
southern Chen(557-589) dynasty in 589. After a natural disaster and failed attempts to conquer Korea Sui itself started to fall in 616
and from among its ruins rose the Tang dynasty(618-907), which had asserted
control by the mid-620s, defeating its competitors.
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